The month of April brought record-breaking heat to East and Northeast India, with temperatures soaring well above average levels since 1901. This unusual heatwave phenomenon was particularly intense in Southern peninsular India.
While the southern, eastern, and northeastern regions experienced numerous heatwave days throughout April, northwestern India remained relatively cooler, experiencing no heatwave days.
In Odisha, there were 18 heatwave days, while West Bengal saw 16, and Jharkhand experienced 10 during April. The highest deviation from normal temperatures was observed in Kalaikunda, West Bengal, where the maximum temperature reached a scorching 47.2 degrees Celsius, exceeding the normal by a significant 10.4 degrees.
Baripada and Balasore in Odisha also recorded exceptionally high maximum temperatures of 46.4 degrees and 46.0 degrees Celsius, respectively.
Interestingly, northwestern India experienced a cooler month due to the presence of five active western disturbances, which slowed down the weather transition, resulting in a cooler regional climate.
However, forecasts indicate that the heatwave is expected to persist in western and southern regions, maintaining above-normal temperatures into May. Conversely, other parts of the country, including northwestern India, may experience below-normal temperatures.
May is also predicted to bring significant rainfall, ranging from 91-109% above normal, offering relief from the scorching temperatures. Despite this, heatwave conditions are expected to persist, particularly in Western India, with five to eight heatwave days anticipated. States in North India like Delhi, Haryana, and Punjab may also see an additional two to four heatwave days.
This prolonged period of record heat poses various challenges for residents, including water shortages, increased electricity usage for cooling, and potential health issues. Authorities advise the public to stay hydrated, minimize outdoor activities during peak heat hours, and take precautions to avoid heat-related illnesses.
