WhatsApp recently disclosed to Reuters that nearly 90 users across more than two dozen countries have been targeted by hackers using advanced spyware developed by the Israeli company Paragon Solutions. This highly sophisticated spyware enabled attackers to access victims’ devices without requiring any interaction, making it one of the most dangerous forms of cyberattacks. Among those targeted were journalists, members of civil society, and individuals in sensitive positions, raising serious concerns about digital security and privacy.
Following the revelation, WhatsApp has sent a cease-and-desist letter to Paragon Solutions, demanding that the company stop the unauthorized hacking. In a statement to Reuters, the Meta-owned messaging platform reaffirmed its commitment to user security, stating, "We will continue to protect people's ability to communicate privately."
But how can such an attack happen without the victim clicking any malicious links or downloading anything suspicious?
Understanding Zero-Click Hacks
A zero-click hack is a sophisticated form of cyberattack that allows hackers to infiltrate a target’s device without requiring any user interaction. Unlike conventional phishing attacks that rely on deceiving individuals into clicking on malicious links or downloading infected files, zero-click exploits take advantage of security vulnerabilities within software, applications, or operating systems to gain remote access.
These attacks often exploit weaknesses in messaging apps, email clients, or multimedia processing functions. Hackers send malicious data packets or exploit vulnerabilities in file handling systems, allowing them to execute malware remotely. Since no user action is required, these attacks are particularly insidious and difficult to detect, making them a preferred choice for state-sponsored cyberespionage operations and high-profile cybercriminal activities.
In the case of WhatsApp, hackers exploited the messaging app’s vulnerabilities, allowing them to infiltrate devices without alerting the victim. This stealthy technique makes zero-click hacks one of the most potent cyber threats today, as users may never realize their device has been compromised until it’s too late.
How Zero-Click Attacks Work
Once a hacker successfully executes a zero-click attack, the target’s device becomes vulnerable to a range of exploits. Here’s how it typically works:
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Exploitation of Vulnerabilities – Hackers identify flaws in applications, especially those related to how they process data, images, or multimedia messages.
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Silent Injection of Malicious Code – Without requiring any action from the victim, the attacker sends a specially crafted exploit—often through a messaging app, email, or VoIP call. When the app processes the malicious file or data, the hacker gains control.
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Remote Access and Data Theft – Once the attacker establishes access, they can steal sensitive data, monitor messages and calls, access photos and videos, activate the device’s microphone or camera, and even install additional malware to maintain persistent access.
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Self-Destruction of Exploit – Many zero-click malware programs delete traces of their existence, making it extremely challenging for users or security teams to detect them.
Given their complexity and stealth, zero-click exploits are typically used in targeted cyberattacks rather than mass campaigns. They are often associated with government surveillance operations or corporate espionage efforts.
How to Stay Safe from Zero-Click Attacks
Although zero-click attacks are incredibly difficult to prevent on an individual level, users can take proactive measures to reduce their risk:
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Keep Apps and Operating Systems Updated – Software updates frequently include security patches that fix known vulnerabilities. Enabling automatic updates ensures you receive the latest protection as soon as it’s available.
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Use Official App Stores – Download apps only from trusted sources like the Apple App Store or Google Play Store, as third-party app stores are more susceptible to hosting malware-infected applications.
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Enable Strong Security Settings – Activate security features like two-factor authentication (2FA) on all critical accounts, including messaging apps, email, and cloud storage.
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Monitor Unusual Device Behavior – If your phone exhibits signs such as rapid battery drain, overheating, unexpected crashes, or unknown background activity, it could indicate a compromise.
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Limit App Permissions – Review the permissions granted to your apps and restrict access to sensitive features such as your microphone, camera, and location unless necessary.
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Use Encrypted Communication Tools – Secure messaging services with end-to-end encryption, such as WhatsApp, Signal, or iMessage, add a layer of protection.
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Report Suspicious Activity – If you suspect your device has been compromised, contact cybersecurity professionals or your country’s cybercrime cell for assistance.
WhatsApp has assured users that it successfully disrupted this particular hacking effort and will continue strengthening its security infrastructure. However, this incident underscores the growing sophistication of cyberattacks and the urgent need for both individuals and organizations to remain vigilant against emerging digital threats.
