Clashes erupted in Kathmandu on Friday as Nepalese security forces confronted pro-monarchy activists demanding the reinstatement of Nepal’s monarchy and the restoration of its former status as a Hindu kingdom. The violent protests left the city in turmoil, with multiple police personnel injured, several buildings torched, and law enforcement struggling to maintain order. The unrest led to a heavy police crackdown and the imposition of a curfew in key areas, including Tinkune, Sinamangal, and Koteshwor, in an effort to prevent further escalation.
The situation spiraled out of control when demonstrators, waving Nepal’s national flag and carrying portraits of former King Gyanendra Shah, attempted to breach security barricades set up by law enforcement. As tensions rose, the crowd began hurling stones at the police, leading to retaliatory measures. In response, security forces fired multiple rounds of tear gas and rubber bullets to disperse the increasingly aggressive protesters. Despite the police crackdown, the demonstrators continued their rampage, setting fire to several properties, including houses, business complexes, a shopping mall, the headquarters of a political party, and even a media house. By the end of the day, over a dozen police officers had sustained injuries, highlighting the intensity of the clashes.
The protests were primarily led by the pro-monarchy Rastriya Prajatantra Party (RPP) and other royalist groups, who have been actively advocating for the return of the monarchy. Thousands of supporters flooded the streets, chanting slogans such as “Raja aau, desh bachau” (Let the King come to save the country), “Down with the corrupt government,” and “We want monarchy back.” Their slogans reflected the growing public discontent with Nepal’s current democratic system, which many believe has failed to deliver political stability, economic progress, and good governance.
To contain the growing unrest, authorities deployed riot police across Kathmandu and detained several youths who defied the curfew restrictions. However, the protests are part of a much larger movement that has been steadily gaining momentum over the past few years. Nepal abolished its 240-year-old monarchy in 2008 following a parliamentary declaration, transforming the country into a secular, federal, democratic republic. While this transition was widely celebrated at the time, growing political instability has led to a resurgence in support for the monarchy. In the 16 years since the monarchy’s abolition, Nepal has seen 13 different governments, a sign of deep political turmoil and governance challenges. Many citizens, frustrated with corruption, frequent leadership changes, and economic struggles, now view the monarchy as a lost symbol of stability and efficiency.
The call for reinstating the monarchy gained fresh momentum after former King Gyanendra Shah delivered a video message on Democracy Day (February 19), in which he appealed for public support. His speech resonated with a section of the population, particularly those disillusioned with the current political setup. Earlier this month, Gyanendra’s return to Nepal after visiting religious sites triggered widespread demonstrations of support. As he arrived at Tribhuvan International Airport, thousands of pro-monarchy activists gathered to welcome him, holding banners that read “Come back king, save the country” and “Vacate the royal palace for the king.” Some supporters also displayed images of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath alongside Gyanendra, symbolizing their push for Nepal to return to its status as a Hindu state.
Monarchist groups claim that nearly 4 lakh people turned out to welcome Gyanendra on March 9, though independent news agencies estimate the number to be closer to 10,000. This significant discrepancy highlights the ongoing debate over the actual strength of the royalist movement. Political analysts suggest that while there is a visible resurgence of pro-monarchy sentiment, it is unclear whether the movement has enough support to pose a serious challenge to Nepal’s existing republican framework. The ruling government, which has been facing increasing criticism for its failure to curb corruption and ensure economic stability, is now under pressure to address the concerns fueling this growing royalist sentiment.
Friday’s violent clashes mark a critical moment in Nepal’s political landscape, as the nation grapples with its identity and future governance model. The government will have to take decisive steps to either pacify the pro-monarchy movement through political dialogue or suppress it through strict law enforcement measures. If the unrest continues to grow, it could lead to further instability and potentially spark a larger political crisis. The coming weeks will be crucial in determining whether Nepal’s democratic system can withstand the pressure from an emboldened royalist faction or if the calls for the monarchy’s return gain further traction.
